 Bida'h (Innovations) |
 Nov 21 2006, 07:22 AM
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In his Al-Qawa'id Al-Kubra, Al-'Izz Ibn 'Abd Al-Salam classifies innovations ( Bida'h) according to their benefit, harm, or indifferene into the five categories of ruling ; The obligatory, recommended, unlawful, offensive, and permissible; giving examples of each and mentioning the principles of sacred law that verify his classification. His words on the subject display his keen insight and comprehensive knowledge of both the principles of jurisprudence and the human advantages and disadvantages in view of which the lawgiver has established the ruling of sacred law.
Because his classification of innovation (bida'h) was established on a firm basis in islamic jurisprudence and legal principles, it was confirmed by Imam Nawawi, Ibn Hajar al-'Asqalani, and the vast majority of Islamic Scholars, who recieved his words with acceptance and viewed it obligatory to apply them to the new events and contingencies that occur with the changing times and the peoples who live in them. One may not support the denial of his classification by clinging to the hadith "Every innovation is misguidance", because the only form of innovation that is without exception misguidance is that concerning the tenets of faith, like the innovations of the Mu'tazilites, Qadarites,Murji'ites and so on, that contradicted the beliefs of the early muslims. This is the innovation of misguidance because it is harmful and devoid of benefit. The occurrence of an act connected with Worship or something else that did not exist in the first century of Islam, it must necessarily be judged according to the 5 categories. To claim that such innovation is misguidance without further qualification is simply not applicable to it, for the new things are among the exigencies brought into being by the passage of tie and generations, and nothing that is new lacks a ruling of Allah (most high) that is applicable to it, wether explicitly mentioned in primary texts, or inferable from them in some way. The only reason that Islamic Law can be valid for every time and place and be the consummate and most perfect of all divine laws is that it comprises general methodological principles and universal criteria, together with the ability its scholars have been endowedwith to understand its primary texts, the knowledge of types of analogy and paralleism, and the other excellences that characterize it. Were we to rule that every new act that has come into being after the first century of islam is an innovation of misguidance without considering whether it entails benefit or harm, it would invalidate a large share of the fundamental bases of sacred law as well as those rulings established by analogical reasoning, and would narrow and limit the sacred laws vast and comprehensive scope. (Adhilla Ahl Al-Sunna Wa Al-Jama'a (9.67), 145-47) -------------------- 100% Pure Kiwi Meat
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